TMJ is related to different muscles that have the function to move and protect the joint itself. It serves to anchor the disk to the condyle. The collateral ligament consists of 2 bundles of symmetrical fibers that originate at the level of the intermediate fascia of the articular disk and insert at the medial and lateral poles of the mandibular condyle. The tension perceived by the articular ligaments plays an important role in the function of TMJ. The proprioception of the joint is provided by various components, such as the capsule, masticatory muscles, skin receptors and receptors within the periodontal ligaments. Several ligaments manage the TMJ forces and send multiple proprioceptive afferents. The edges of the disc partly fuse with the fibrous capsule surrounding the joint. The medial and lateral aspect of the cartilaginous disc is attached to the condylar formation of the mandible. The posterior portion of the articular disk relates to: bilateral retro-disc tissue (behind the condyle), glenoid fossa condyle temporal bone. The anterior portion of the articular disk is in contact with: the joint capsule articular eminence condyle the upper area of the lateral pterygoid muscle. The lower portion of the disk has the task of avoiding excessive rotational movements of the disk relative to the mandibular condyle. The upper portion is in contact with the postglenoid process, with the function of preventing the disc from slipping during the opening of the mouth. The anterior portion of the disk consists of a layer of fibroelastic fascia (above) and a fibrous layer (inferiorly). The articular disc that covers the condyle and interposes below the glenoid fossa has a biconcave or oval shape the cartilaginous disc has an anterior (about 2 mm) and posterior (about 3 mm) portion, with a thinner diameter in the middle. It consists of the condyle of the mandible with a transverse diameter of about 15 to 20 mm and a measurement of about 8 to 10 mm in the anteroposterior direction. The inferior articular surface of the glenoid fossa represents the superior area of the mandible. The glenoid fossa is wider in its mediolateral portion, compared to the anteroposterior area. On the lateral surface of the articular eminence, there is a bone ridge, known as the articular tubercle, near the root of the zygomatic process. This area allows and facilitates the movements of the articular disk and the condyle. The preglenoid plane is slightly inclined, which leads into the articular eminence the latter is anterior to the pit, along with the base of the skull. The preglenoid plane is slightly inclined, which leads into the articular eminence the latter is anterior to the fossa, along with the base of the skull. The anterior limit of the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone constitutes the articular eminence, which forms a medial bone prominence at the posterior border of the zygomatic bone. The postglenoid process area contributes to forming the upper wall of the external acoustic meatus. The posterior area of the fossa is known as posterior articular ridge sideways to the latter, we find a bone portion called postglenoid process. The cranial surface of TMJ consists of the squamous area of the temporal bone it takes the name of glenoid fossa and welcomes the condyle of the jaw. The joint is the union of the temporal bone cavity with the mandibular condyle. We find the synovial fluid and several ligaments. TMJ is composed of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage and a capsule that covers the same joint. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a diarthrosis, better defined as a ginglymoarthrodial joint. The text reviews the manual approach to TMJ, which is often used as a support for joint rehabilitation, in synergy with the doctor. The article reviews functional anatomy, embryological development, differences in the anatomy of the child and the adult, with a look at the surgical, clinical and other physiological variables that influence the temporomandibular function. Its position and structure make it an intersection of information and influences that expand throughout the body, and vice-versa the mechanical information of other body districts can reflect in the TMJ. The TMJ must also work in coordination with the contralateral TMJ to coordinate tandem dynamic function. TMJ through its complex movements, on different orthogonal planes and multiple rotation axes, works in synergy with all the structures just listed. These structures are the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), jaw and mandible, muscle tissues and tendons, dental arches, salivary glands, as well as the hyoid bone and the muscles that connect the latter to the scapula and the sternum, the muscles of the neck. The stomatognathic system includes various anatomical structures, which allow the mouth to open, swallow, breathe, phonate, suck and perform different facial expressions.
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